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Assessment From Our Research Center

Do State Tests Accurately Measure What Students Need to Know?

By Alyson Klein 鈥 January 30, 2025 2 min read
Tight cropped photograph of a bubble sheet test with  a pencil.
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Standardized testing鈥攊ncluding state assessments for accountability purposes鈥攊s an annual reality in K-12 schools.

But more than half of 糖心动漫vlog鈥攏early 60 percent鈥攄on鈥檛 believe that state standardized tests measure what students need to know and be able to do, according to an EdWeek Research Center survey administered last fall.

The survey of 1,135 teachers, principals, and district leaders鈥攃onducted from Sept. 26 through Oct. 8 of last year鈥攆ound a little more than 40 percent believe state tests do reflect what students need to know and be able to do.

States are required by federal law to test students in reading and math annually in grades 3 through 8 and once in high school. Some experts and 糖心动漫vlog make the case that the results of those tests give schools a barometer of how their students are performing, whether there are areas in need of improvement, and how teachers should address any learning gaps.

But Mollie Wright, a high school English teacher in Texas, is among the 糖心动漫vlog who think those tests do not measure the critical thinking skills students will need to be ready for college and the workforce.

That鈥檚 partly because students take so many tests and aren鈥檛 usually told why they are being asked to complete a particular assessment. Many get bored and don鈥檛 perform their best, she said.

That means tests are more likely to measure students鈥 鈥渕otivation and engagement鈥 not their skills, Wright said.

She鈥檇 love to see students be given other options to show what they know and can do.

鈥淔or some students, sitting down and [acing] a test is the option that they would want to take. That is the best way for them to show their learning,鈥 Wright said. But for other students, 鈥渁 portfolio [of classwork] that gives them more time and space to figure it out鈥 would be more appropriate.

She remembers being taught in graduate school that teachers should work with their students to construct the best possible learning experiences for each individual. 鈥淪tandardized tests are the exact opposite of that鈥 approach, Wright said. 鈥淚t鈥檚 one size fits all, and we all have to do it the exact same way at the exact same time.鈥

State tests just measure how well students perform under pressure, some 糖心动漫vlog argue

Adam Clemons, the principal of Piedmont High School in Alabama, sees a similar problem with the relevance of the tests for students.

Though tests can help gauge whether a student might need remediation when they get to college, the format of some tests鈥攚hich expect students to answer dozens of questions in about an hour鈥攎ay primarily evaluate 鈥渉ow well you perform under pressure,鈥 Clemons said.

Clemons, who previously taught in nearby Georgia, admires the Peach State鈥檚 system of end-of-course exams that assess whether high schoolers mastered the material from a particular class. He finds those kinds of tests 鈥渕ore relevant to the kid鈥 than one that tells students 鈥淗ere鈥檚 some random passages to read, and you got 15 minutes to read it You鈥檙e gonna have 30 questions about it.鈥

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Data analysis for this article was provided by the EdWeek Research Center. Learn more about the center鈥檚 work.

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